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The content of Clinical Drug Therapy is organized in 11 sections, primarily by therapeutic drug groups and their effects on particular body systems. This approach helps the student make logical connections between major drug groups and the conditions for which they are used. It also provides a foundation for learning about new drugs, most of which fit into known groups.
The first section contains the basic information required to learn, understand, and apply drug knowledge. The chapters in this section include drug names, classifications, prototypes, costs, laws and standards, schedules of controlled substances, drug approval processes, and learning strategies (Chapter 1); cellular physiology, drug transport, pharmacokinetic processes, the receptor theory of drug action, types of drug interactions, and factors that influence drug effects on body tissues (Chapter 2); dosage forms and routes and methods of accurate drug administration (Chapter 3); and guidelines for using the nursing process in drug therapy and general principles of drug therapy (Chapter 4).
Most drug sections include an initial chapter that reviews the physiology of a body system followed by several chapters that discuss drug groups used to treat disorders of that body system. The seven physiology review chapters are designed to facilitate understanding of drug effects on a body system. These include the central nervous system; the autonomic nervous system; and the endocrine, hematopoietic, immune, respiratory, cardiovascular, and digestive systems. Other chapters within each section emphasize therapeutic classes of drugs and prototypical or commonly used individual drugs, those used to treat common disorders, and those likely to be encountered in clinical nursing practice. Drug chapter content is presented in a consistent format and includes a description of a condition for which a drug group is used; a general description of a drug group, including mechanism(s) of action, indications for use, and contraindications; and descriptions and tables of individual drugs, with recommended dosages and routes of administration.
Additional clinically relevant information is presented under the headings of Nursing Process, Principles of Therapy, and Nursing Actions.
The Nursing Process section emphasizes the importance of the nursing process in drug therapy, including assessment of the client’s condition in relation to the drug group, nursing diagnoses, expected outcomes, needed interventions, and evaluation of the client’s progress toward expected outcomes. Client teaching guidelines are displayed separately from other interventions to emphasize their importance.
The Principles of Therapy section presents guidelines for individualizing drug therapy in specific populations (eg, children, older adults, clients with renal or hepatic impairments). General principles are included in Chapter 4; specific principles related to drug groups are included in the chapters where those drug groups are discussed. This approach, rather than separate chapters on pediatric and geriatric pharmacology, for example, was chosen because knowledge about a drug is required before that knowledge can be applied to a specific population with distinctive characteristics and needs in relation to drug therapy.
Each drug chapter includes a Nursing Actions display that provides specific nursing responsibilities related to drug administration and client observation. Other drug sections include products used to treat nutritional, infectious, oncologic, ophthalmic, and dermatologic disorders.
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